A numerical study of MHD nonlinear mixed convection flow over a nonlinear vertical stretching sheet with the buoyancy and suction/injection effects

The current research has a primary focus on characterizing buoyancy-driven nonlinear mixed convection. This phenomenon is studied within the context of an MHD Newtonian flow over a vertically stretching sheet with nonlinear characteristics. Flow patterns resembling those studied in this context have practical applications in various industrial sectors. Such flow patterns have practical applications in several industrial sectors, including the article and pulp industry, polymer manufacturing, electronic device cooling, solar energy collection, gas turbine plants, and nuclear power generation. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) for nonlinear mixed convection are transformed into higher-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through appropriate transformations, and these transformed ODEs are subsequently solved numerically. The software MATHEMATICA is used to solve the boundary layer flow equations, employing the semi-analytical Galerkin weighted residual method (GWRM). This approach yielded simultaneous solutions for both cases suction and injection. For both the suction and injection situations, graphical results, such as velocity, concentration, and temperature profiles are included. An augmentation in the nonlinear stretching parameter results in a reduction in velocity near the surface of the sheet. Conversely, away from the sheet, velocity increases. Moreover, an increase in nonlinear stretching parameters corresponds to higher values for both temperature and concentration. An increase in the suction/injection parameter causes a decrease in the velocity, temperature, and concentration fields. In the scenario of assisting flow, an increase in the thermal buoyancy parameter leads to higher velocity but lower temperature. Conversely, in the case of opposing flow, an increase in the thermal buoyancy parameter results in higher values for both velocity and temperature. Furthermore, a numerical examination is conducted to analyze the values of skin friction, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number.