Prevalence of pressure ulcers and associated factors among adult patients admitted at Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023

Pressure ulcers are a serious concern in patients with prolonged bedtime and present with common complications following surgery. It is one of the key performance indicators of the quality of nursing care provided to patients. Several studies have reported the prevalence of pressure ulcers in Ethiopia, but the current study area has not yet been fully addressed. Hence, the study aims to assess pressure ulcers and their associated factors among adult patients admitted to the surgical ward. An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from April 15 to May 15, 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 480 patients. A standardized, pre-tested, and structured questionnaire was used. The results were presented descriptively using tables and figures. A binary logistic regression was used to assess associated factors. From a total of 480, all patients have participated with a 100% response rate. The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers was 10.2%. Being smoker [95% CI AOR 7.46 (2.64, 21.06)], bedridden [95% CI AOR 3.92 (1.28, 11.66)], having a length of hospital stay of greater than 20 days [95% CI AOR 3.01 (1.13, 8.02)], experiencing pain [95% CI AOR 3.20 (1.06, 7.51)], or having friction and shear [95% CI AOR 5.71 (1.91, 17.08)], were significantly associated with pressure ulcers. This study showed that a considerable proportion of patients had pressure ulcers. Smoking, having pain, being bedridden, being exposed to friction and shear problems, and length of hospital stay were significantly associated with pressure ulcers. Healthcare providers should educate patients about smoking risks, pain management, mattress installation, and linen care