Facial aging is almost exclusively a result of soft tissue changes in patients with full dentition. Loss of teeth can hasten facial aging and make aging more pronounced as a result of bony erosion of the alveolar ridges. This article describes these changes and demonstrates that properly selected oral implants and precisely placed hydroxyapatite implants can integrate with facelifts to produce superior facial rejuvenation in edentulous patients.
机构:
Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Plast Surg Hosp, 33 Badachu Rd, Beijing 100144, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Plast Surg Hosp, 33 Badachu Rd, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China
Yang, Zhibin
Li, Facheng
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机构:
Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Plast Surg Hosp, 33 Badachu Rd, Beijing 100144, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Plast Surg Hosp, 33 Badachu Rd, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China
机构:
Univ Ghent, Dept Speech Language Pathol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Univ Veiga de Almeida, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Ghent, Dept Speech Language Pathol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium