Antioxidant potential and in-silico analysis of compounds from Citrus sinensis peel extracts against TGF-beta isoforms

Malta (Citrusx sinensis) is a local variety of sweet orange which has been developed by hybridization between orange and lemon from hills of Uttarakhand, India. Malta peel is generated in huge amount as a waste product of food processing units. The present work is an effort to establish the potential anti oxidative, anti-carcinogenic and anti-cancerous role of Malta peel. Analysis revealed the presence of antioxidant enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase; which can check the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity as observed in FRAP-assay (TPPZ method). Presence of anti-oxidative and anti-allergic vitamins in ample amount i.e. Vit. E, Vit. C, polyphenols and tumor preventive flavonoids (limonene) has been confirmed by GC-MS analysis, these compounds are known to possess an anti-carcinogenic role as well. Further to understand the possible anti-cancerous role, an in silico study was conducted using TGF. isoforms (TGF-beta(1) and TGF-beta(2)) as ligands. TGF. signaling has a mechanistic role in tumor suppression and a previous medical study has confirmed its indulgence in different forms of cancers e.g. pancreatic cancer, renal cancer, breast cancer and lymphoma.