Applying the Health Belief Model to Young Individuals' Beliefs and Preferences About Premarital Counseling

Research suggests that premarital counseling programs are effective; however, these programs are underutilized. In addition, little is known about beliefs and preferences of individuals prior to engaging in a committed relationship. This study examined the beliefs and preferences of premarital counseling with a sample of 249 young adults. Beliefs were examined in the context of the four main constructs of the Health Belief Model. Therapy preferences were also examined. Results suggest that perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits were unique predictors in the intention to participate. Specific barriers included the convenience of premarital counseling, viewing premarital counseling in terms of the relationship having problems, and the effectiveness of the premarital counseling leaders. Select therapy preferences included a leader/counselor that is trustworthy, professional, and experienced. In addition, young adults preferred to have the counseling close to work or home and have a maximum of six sessions with a cost of no more than US$150. Participants stated that communication, conflict resolution, and resolving differences were the most important topics to discuss in counseling. The results suggest that premarital programs should focus on diminishing the barriers and increasing the benefits for individuals. Programs should also acknowledge certain populations might have different counseling preferences and modify the programs accordingly in order to increase participation.