Enabling others in social work: reflexivity and the theory of social domains

This article sets out a framework to structure reflexivity in social work practice. It comprises five domains that impact on the individual and social life, namely (a) psychobiography - referring to a person's unique experience throughout the lifecourse; (b) situated activity - highlighting the impact of everyday social interaction; (c) social settings - addressing the role of organisations in social life; (d) culture - covering the influence of attitudes, beliefs, tastes and ideas on symbolic meaning; and (e) politico-economy - alluding to the ramifications of political and economic forces on people's lives. It is contended that power circulates throughout each domain as an enabling and constraining force. The article then outlines a process for using the reflexive framework in 'enabling' activities such as practice learning, supervision, mentoring and coaching. By applying the framework in these contexts, it is argued that social workers can reflect critically on their role and develop emancipatory forms of practice.