Liberation Theology (TdL) which has always reflected faith from the reality of the poor, must not remain insensitive to the changing world today. Taking into account all the scientific production about TdL, for example Mysterium liberationis (ELLACURIA; SOBRINO, 1990, v. I-II) and El mar se abrio (SUSIN, 2001), we will move forward to understand its current challenges. Initially, we will present the fundamentals of TdL in view of its identity preserved over the years. Despite its different trends and evolution over the years, there is an undeniable family feeling among all theologians of TdL. But at the same time we want to show the evolution and variations of TdL over the years, as you can observe, paradigmatically, through the various conferences and meetings dedicated this theology. However, it is of utmost importance to look ahead and identify what are the new challenges of TdL in the current context of society and the Church. This will be synthesized in a Theological Decalogue.