Spinal cord injury. Urological, andrological and gynecological long-term consequences

Spinal cord injuries are known to have a major impact on bladder and sexual functions. After the initial spinal shock the majority of paraplegic patients will develop long-term urogenital consequences. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction in particular can be life-threatening because non-physiological high pressure storage of urine and inadequate voiding function can result in restricted kidney function and other severe complications of the urinary tract. Rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries depends on an optimal lifelong urological treatment plan and an adequate therapy of sexual dysfunction.