Evaluation of Cardiac Biomarkers after Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Commissurotomy

Background: Rheumatic heart disease is the major cause of cardiovascular death in children and young adults in developing countries. Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the changes in cardiac biomarker levels before and after percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy (PMC). Methods: Patients with severe mitral stenosis undergoing elective PMC were prospectively enrolled. The blood sample was taken for the measurement of cardiac biomarkers (CKMB and CTnI) before and then 6 hours and 12 hours after PMC. The maximum level of the biomarkers after the procedure was determined for analysis. Results: Of a total of 56 patients (mean age = 44.0 +/- 14.1 y), 91.1% were female. Except for 1 patient, all the other patients had cardiac biomarkers before the procedure in normal ranges. The serum levels of CTnI and CKMB increased significantly after the procedure. The patients who underwent complex septostomy had a significantly higher rise in CKMB (9.4 +/- 9.34 IU/L vs. 3.17 +/- 12.39 IU/L; P=0.03) and CTnI (0.15 +/- 0.20 mu g/L vs. 0.07 +/- 0.12 mu g/L; P=0.002). Conclusions: The serum levels of CTnI and CKMB increased significantly following the procedure, especially in patients who underwent complex septostomy.