Assessment of Serum Ceruloplasmin Levels in Gingivitis, Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients- A Clinico-biochemical Study

Introduction: Pro-inflammatory mediators are mainly responsible for periodontal tissue breakdown in periodontitis. Ceruloplasmin is one such biomarker, the levels of which seems to be elevated in presence of inflammation. Hence, assessing biomarkers of inflammation is a valuable tool for determining periodontal disease activity. Aim: To evaluate and compare the levels of serum ceruloplasmin in chronic generalised gingivitis, chronic generalised periodontitis and generalized aggressive periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: Patients visiting the dental Outpatient Department (OPD) during the period of January 2017 to March 2017 were screened for gingival index, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing and categorised into the following four groups based on the clinical signs and symptoms; healthy controls, chronic generalised gingivitis, chronic generalised periodontitis and generalised aggressive periodontitis groups. Ten patients were enrolled in each group. Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein of the subjects. The collected samples were taken for serum ceruloplasmin assessment with essential precautions. The test results were subjected to statistical analysis using Tukey's multiple post-hoc procedure, Karl pearson's correlation coefficient and One-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed that serum ceruloplasmin level in chronic periodontitis was increased when compared to gingivitis group. Further, rise in levels of serum ceruloplasmin was comparatively higher in aggressive periodontitis subjects than chronic periodontitis subjects. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers are being used extensively for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases. It can be inferred from the results of the present study that ceruloplasmin is one such biomarker which seems to be elevated with progress in attachment loss.