ORIGINS OF THE 1954-1960 LAVAS, KILAUEA VOLCANO, HAWAII - MAJOR ELEMENT CONSTRAINTS ON SHALLOW RESERVOIR MAGMATIC PROCESSES

In the 1954-1960 period, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, erupted four times: summit eruptions occurred in 1954 (Halemaumau) and 1959 (Kilauea Iki) and flank eruptions occurred in the lower East rift zone in 1955 and 1960. Our analysis demonstrates that the chemical compositions of lavas from each eruption are related solely through fractionation and sorting of the observed phenocryst assemblages. We have used Pearce element ratio diagrams to make observations and inferences and using the most magnesian glass analysis in the Kilauea data suite (1959: SG-05), we have modelled the differentiation path with thermodynamic-based calculations. These calculations suggest that differentiation took place at less than 0.3 Gpa and extended over a temperature range of between 100°C and 150°C. -from Authors