A new species, Lepidium naufragorum Garn.-Jones et D.A. Norton, is described. It is compared with L. flexicaule, with which it had previously been included. L. naufragorum is endemic to Westland, and known from only six sites. It is assigned the IUCN threat status of ''Rare'', reflecting its restricted distribution and potential for decline. L. flexicaule is apparently extinct in the North Island, but occurs sparingly between Cape Farewell and Punakaiki in the South Island, where its distribution overlaps with that of L. naufragorum. Taxonomic status and variation of L. banksii, L. obtusatum, and L. oleraceum are discussed, and a key to indigenous coastal species of Lepidium is provided.