Formulation of Sunscreen Extract of Kersen Leaf Ethanol (Muntingia calabura L.) for Skin Health

Sunlight has many health benefits, but high sun exposure can also cause skin problems ranging from redness, inflammation, and the worst is triggering the appearance of skin cancer. One way to protect the skin from the sun is by using a sunscreen. Kersen Leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) has a high total tlavonoids and total phenolic so that it can be used as a natural active ingredient for making sunscreen creams. The purpose of this study was to formulate and evaluate sunscreen cream preparations with variations in the concentration of ethanol extract of Kersen Leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) and to know the SPF value. Extract of kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) using the maceration method with 70% ethanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Four formulas were made with variations in the concentration of ethanol extract of kersen leaves. Formula 1 (cream base) without ethanolic extract of kersen leaves; formula 2 with ethanol extract of 1 gram kersen leaves; formula 3 with ethanol extract of 2 grams kersen leaves and formula 4 with ethanol extract of 3 grams kersen leaves. The four formulas were tested for physical, chemical and SPF values. Testing the SPF value using spectrophotometric method. For sticky power does not meet standard because it is less than 4 seconds. The Formula 1 SPF value is 0.1149; formula 2 is 7.6574 (extra protection); formula 3 is 13.7847 (maximum protection); and formula 4 is 19.0871 (ultra protection). The greater the concentration of ethanol extract of kersen leaves the greater the SPF value. From the results of the study, it was found that the four formulas fulfilled the requirements of physical and chemical characteristics, namely organoleptic, homogeneity, distribution, and viscosity, and had a significant SPF values, namely formula 2, 3 and 4..