A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION OF ABO BLOOD GROUP TYPES AND ABH SECRETOR STATUS IN PATIENTS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS IN KADAPA DISTRICT

BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects of insulin secretion and/or increased cellular resistance to insulin. Diabetes Mellitus is a common medical problem having significant morbidity and mortality. It has a genetic predisposition, although environmental factors do play a role in its genetic expression. Like many other inherited traits, ABH secretor status is also genetically pre-determined and therefore may have an association with diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objectives-The study was done to determine whether there is any association between ABO blood group types and ABH secretor status with type II diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS & METHODS A cross sectional study was performed on 200 patients of type II diabetes mellitus diagnosed based on Accu-Chek glucometer method after taking detailed history and informed consent. This is a case-control study and selection of cases and controls was done by simple random sampling. 200 control group population who are non-diabetic were taken from Blood Bank, RIMS, Kadapa. ABO blood grouping was done by slide agglutination method in both cases and control groups and secretor status was determined by indirect haemagglutination method in both cases and control groups. Chi-square test and p value were used for statistical analysis through SPSS software version 17. RESULTS Out of 200 diabetic patients, 65 (32.5%) were secretors and 135 (67.5%) were non-secretors. While in control group 150 (75%) were secretors and 50 (25%) were non-secretors. Non-secretors were significantly associated with diabetes than secretors (X-2=72.6587, df=1, p value=0.000). ABO blood group types are not significantly associated with Diabetes Mellitus (X-2=7.7073, df=3, p value=0.0523). Females were more prone to diabetes (142 out 200), but there is no significant association with the gender (X-2=0.3518, df=3, p value=0.95). CONCLUSION The study concludes that there was significant association between secretor status proving that non-secretors are more prone to diabetes than secretors. B group females 52 (36.6%) were more prone to diabetes when compared to other blood group types and males. There was no significant association between ABO blood groups and diabetes mellitus. Hence, we need larger sample size to prove the association.