This article develops the position that children, as our most precious social resource, are the shared responsibility of parents and government. It argues that we have to pay much more attention to what happens to children and to families with children, and to where and why a society loses its resources. The article stresses the growing interest of economists in investment in human capital. As such, it is an attempt to contribute to the public policy discussions on rethinking income security for Canadian families with children in the '90s.