At the intersection: hate crime policy and practice in England and Wales

This article argues that while the hate crime model has accelerated criminal justice agencies' understanding of the importance of the victim-centred approach to investigating and prosecuting hate crime, at the same time it risks oversimplifying the victim experience. Recent reports published by the Metropolitan Police Service and the Equality and Human Rights Commission suggest that the victim experience of hate crime is very complex, with a number of impacts and risks at the intersections of identity. The concept of intersectionality, as explained by Horvath and Kelly (2008), is applied to identify some improvements that can be made in criminal justice policy to better recognise and address 'what is really going on' for victims of hate crime.