The objective of the Patents and Literature Section of Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology is to summarize and cite recent developments in industrial and academic research as portrayed within the scope of recent patents and literature and to highlight emerging biotechnological research areas. To add to the value of this section of the journal, mini-reviews on a topic in biotechnology will be included. Following each mini-review, a patent and literature search will be presented, much as before. The reviews will be authored by experts in the topic, who will also prepare the patent and literature searches. The manuscripts will be peer-reviewed. Reviews will be solicited by the Patents and Literature editor, but unsolicited submissions are also encouraged. However, please contact the Patents and Literature Editor regarding a topic of interest before commencing with the preparation of such a review. For information and/or suggestions for future topics, contact Jonathan S. Dordick, Editor, Patents and Literature, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, 129 CB, Iowa City, Iowa 52242. © 1991 Humana Press Inc.