Risk Factor of Mortality in Indonesian Children with Cerebral Palsy

Objective : Individuals with CP have a lower life expectancy than the general population. The objective of the study is to investigate the risk factor of mortality in Indonesian children with CP. Methods : An observational analytic study was conducted using medical records at pediatric ward Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2014 to December 2016. Inclusion criteria was all of CP patients in that were hospitalized from 6 months to 14 year of age. Mortality information was obtained from annual computer and matched against the subjects with CP on the basis of name, date of birth, type of disability, degree of disability, nutritional status and the outcomes. Risk factors were counted using logistic regression. Result : Fifty five children were enrolled. The outcome revaled 12 patients (21.8%) were death. Pneumonia was the most common underlying disease cause of death (OR=5.185; 95% CI 1.249 to 21.520; P<0.007). Other risk factors of mortality that significant were acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR=3.333; 95% CI 1.317 to 8.436; P<0.03). and Gross Motor Functioning Classification System (GMFCS) more than level IV (OR=1.480; 95% CI 1.184 to 1.850; P<0.006). Conclusion : Pneumonia, AKI and severe GMFCS level were risk factors of death in patients with CP.