New class of hybrid BDF methods for the computation of numerical solutions of IVPs

A new class of hybrid BDF-like methods is presented for solving systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the second derivative of the solution in the stage equation of class 2 + 1hybrid BDF-like methods to improve the order and stability regions of these methods. An off-step point, together with two step points, has been used in the first derivative of the solution, and the stability domains of the new methods have been obtained by showing that these methods are A-stable for order p, p = 3,4,5,6,7and A(α)-stable for order p, 8 ≤ p ≤ 14. The numerical results are also given for four test problems by using variable and fixed step-size implementations.