Particle-Wave Dualism in Nanoconfined Space: Ultrafast Substance Flow

Many researchers, however, found that (1) the flow of both liquid and gas through nanoscale pores is one to even seven orders of magnitude faster than that would be predicted from the classic Newton’s mechanic theories, such as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, the Bernoulli’s principle, the Knudsen theory; (2) the seeming contradiction that K+ channels conduct K+ ions at maximal throughput rates while not permeating slightly smaller Na+ ions, which have perplexed scientists for decades. Herein we propose a possible explanation for the above phenomena based on the Wave-Particle Dualism. The quantum effect on ultrafast flow could possibly provide a new perspective for studying the nature of the ion and molecule channels, which are the backbones for the biology, and possibly promote the development of new methods for energy conversion, desalination of sea water and even information systems.