Exact Reconstruction for Near-Field Three-Dimensional Planar Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging

In this paper, an exact reconstruction formula is presented for near-field three-dimensional (3D) planar millimeter-wave (MMW) holographic imaging. The proposed formula is derived based on scalar diffraction theory, and the round-trip imaging process is equivalent to a unidirectional optical field propagation. Because of compensating the propagation loss of the source for the near-field imaging configuration, the inconsistency in range domain of the reconstructed 3D images is avoided. The proposed reconstruction formula also gives a phase correction for the reconstructed complex-valued reflectivity of the target and the range coordinate can be exactly determined. Simulations and laboratory imaging experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed reconstruction formula.