Effective factors in improving lasing performance in an atom-cavity system in the steady state regime

The behavior of a three-level atom in a V configuration with a multi-photon transition enclosed in a single-mode Fabry–Pérot optical cavity is examined theoretically. To solve the describing equations of the atom-cavity system, a matrix continued fractions method has been used in the steady state. On the one hand, the effects of the number of transitions have been discussed over quantities involving population inversion, mean photon number and second-order correlation function. On the other hand, the changes of the coupling constant have been investigated on observables consisting atom-cavity correlation, the mean photon number and the second-order coherence function for different transitions. The influences of the number of transitions and the variations of the coupling constant are discussed separately on the improving lasing action in both cases. Finally, the transformation circumstances of the given three-level atom to an effective two-level one have been analyzed for various transitions. The results of the three-level atomic simulations appropriately confirm the correctness of several special conditions applied in the two-level atomic pattern.