The Sound Velocity in an Alloy Steel at High-Temperature Conditions

In this article, results of the measurements of the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities in steel have been presented as a function of temperature. The conducted tests involved two types of corrosion-resistant steel: X14CrMoS17 and X90CrMoV18. The tests were based on the ultrasonic wave transition method using transducers operating at 5.4 MHz for the longitudinal wave and 3.2 MHz for the transverse wave. Measurements of the wave velocity were taken at temperatures from 293 K to 1,173 K. The longitudinal wave velocity in X14CrMoS17 steel varies from 6,002 m·s−1 at 293 K to 5,115 m·s−1 at 1,173 K, while the velocity in the X90CrMoV18 steel changes from 5,975 m·s−1 at 293 K to 5,381 m·s−1 at 1,023 K. The transverse wave velocities vary from 3,239 m·s−1 at 293 K to 2,449 m·s−1 at 1,173 K in X14CrMoS17 steel, and from 3,251 m·s−1 at 293 K to 2,478 m·s−1 at 1,173 K in X90CrMoV18 steel. The obtained results represented a basis for determination of the properties of the steels examined, such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, Helmholtz’s modulus of volume elasticity, or Lame’s constants. The results have been verified by comparing the Young’s modulus obtained with the values corresponding to individual steel grades and temperatures (293 K, 373 K, 473 K, 573 K, and 673 K) obtained by traditional methods of measuring mechanical properties as provided in PN-EN 10088-1:2007. The results of this comparison confirmed the reliability of the conducted investigation.