Tsunami Penetration in Tidal Rivers, with Observations of the Chile 2015 Tsunami in Rivers in Japan

被引:0
|
作者
Elena Tolkova
机构
[1] NorthWest Research Associates,
来源
Pure and Applied Geophysics | 2016年 / 173卷
关键词
River; tsunami; tide; shallow-water equations; water level measurements; tide–tsunami interaction;
D O I
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中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
An extensive data set of water level measurements of the September 2015 Chilean tsunami in rivers in Japan and a new methodology for data processing are used to verify that tsunami dissipation in a river at each instant and locality depends on the tidally-modified wave-locked slope of the river surface. As deduced from the observations, a relatively small tsunami or ocean noise traveling at mild wave-locked slopes can propagate virtually without losses to the upstream locations where observed tidal ranges are a fraction of that downstream; though at the higher slopes, tidal and riverine currents combined efficiently damp the shorter waves. The observed correlations between the tsunami admittance upriver and the traveled wave-locked slopes are explained analytically under the fully non-linear shallow-water approximation. It is found that the wave-locked slope in a purely incident wave relates to the bottom drag in the same manner as a steady surface slope does for a stationary flow. For a small-amplitude tsunami in the study rivers, the wave-locked slope in a co-propagating tidal wave defines the background current and thereby friction experienced by the tsunami.
引用
收藏
页码:389 / 409
页数:20
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