Development of Output Windows for High-Power Long-Pulse Gyrotrons and EC Wave Applications

被引：0
|
作者：
Manfred Thumm
机构：
[1] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe,Association FZK
[2] ITP,Euratom
[3] Universität Karlsruhe,undefined
[4] Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik und Elektronik,undefined
来源：
International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves | 1998年 / 19卷
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摘要：
Electron cyclotron heating (ECH) is one of the main candidates for heating and current drive on ITER (170 GHz) and W7-X (140 GHz). High unit power (1 MW or greater) and high efficiency single-mode continuous-wave (CW) gyrotrons are under development in order to reduce significantly the systems costs. Face-cooled double-disk sapphire and silicon nitride windows (FC-75 liquid cooling), cryogenically edge-cooled single-disk sapphire (liquid nitrogen, liquid neon or liquid helium cooling) and silicon (230 K refrigerator cooling) windows, water-edge-cooled single-disk CVD-diamond windows and water-cooled distributed windows are being investigated in order to solve the window problem. A water-cooled window has two very important advantages; it employs a cheap and effective coolant and it is compact and probably more reliable than other solutions and thus can also be easily used as a torus window. The present paper summarizes the development status of high-power millimeter-wave windows with emphasis on CVD diamond.
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页码：3 / 14
页数：11
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