Mine Water as a Resource: Selective Removal and Recovery of Trace Antimony from Mine-Impacted Water

被引:17
|
作者
Arnold, Mona [1 ]
Kangas, Petteri [1 ]
Maekinen, Annukka [2 ]
Lakay, Eugene [3 ]
Isomaeki, Niko [2 ]
Laven, Gaston [4 ]
Gericke, Marieke [3 ]
Pajuniemi, Petri [5 ]
Kaartinen, Tommi [1 ]
Wendling, Laura [1 ]
机构
[1] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Ltd, Kemistintie 3,POB 1000, Espoo 02044, Finland
[2] Outotec Finland Oy, Outotec Res Ctr, FI-28101 Pori, Finland
[3] MINTEK, Private Bag X3015, ZA-2125 Randburg, South Africa
[4] Chromafora AB, Banvaksvagen 22, S-17148 Solna, Sweden
[5] Flootech Oy, Pitkamaenkatu 11 B, Turku 20250, Finland
关键词
Electrocoagulation; Dissolved air flotation; Ion exchange; Selective extraction; Ultrafiltration; ION-EXCHANGE-RESINS; ARSENIC REMOVAL; FERRIC-CHLORIDE; WASTE-WATER; ENVIRONMENT; MEMBRANE; RESIDUES;
D O I
10.1007/s10230-019-00597-2
中图分类号
TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];
学科分类号
081501 ;
摘要
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of combined modular processes to selectively remove Sb from mine-impacted waters in an Arctic environment in order to fulfil local environmental criteria for discharged waters. Novel ion exchange, selective extraction and ultrafiltration, electrocoagulation, and dissolved air flotation technologies were investigated, individually or in combination, from the laboratory- to pilot-demonstration scale. Laboratory-scale testing using Fe-2(SO4)(3) precipitation, ion exchange resin, selective ion extraction and ultrafiltration, and electrocoagulation with or without subsequent dissolved air flotation indicated that any of the methods are potentially applicable to Sb removal from mine water. The observed differences between Sb and As removal efficiency by ion exchange resin illustrated the need for Sb-specific removal and recovery technologies. Techno-economic analyses showed that treatment of mine water using electrocoagulation-dissolved air flotation yields the lowest comparative life-cycle cost of examined technologies. Results demonstrated increased Sb attenuation efficiency using either electrocoagulation-dissolved air flotation or selective extraction and ultrafiltration, even when treating only 50% of the mine-impacted water, compared with conventional Fe-2(SO4)(3) precipitation from mine water. Additional investigation is necessary to characterize the long-term stability of the mineral phases in Sb-containing solid residues and to inform selection of Sb recovery methods and utilisation or final disposal options for the residual materials. ZusammenfassungDas Ziel dieser Studie war die Bewertung der Machbarkeit von Verfahren zur selektiven Entfernung von Sb aus bergbaubeeinflussten Wassern in arktischer Umgebung, um lokale Umweltauflagen fur einzuleitende Wasser zu erfullen. Techniken zum Ionenaustausch, zur selektiven Extraktion und Ultrafiltration, zur Elektrokoagulation und Flotation wurden einzeln oder in Kombination vom Labor- bis zum Pilot- und Demonstrationsma ss stab untersucht. Labortests mit Fe2(SO4)3-Ausfallung, Ionenaustauscherharz, selektiver Extraktion und Ultrafiltration sowie Elektrokoagulation mit oder ohne Flotation deuteten darauf hin, dass einige der Methoden zur Entfernung von Sb aus Bergbauwassern potentiell geeignet sind. Die beobachteten Unterschiede bei der Entfernung von Sb und As durch Ionenaustauscherharz zeigten die Notwendigkeit von Sb-spezifischen Reinigungs- und Ruckgewinnungstechnologien. Eine wirtschaftliche Bewertung ergab, dass die Kombination von Elektrokoagulation und Flotation die niedrigsten Kosten verursacht. Die Sb-Reinigung von Grubenwassern bei Anwendung der Elektrokoagulation mit Flotation bzw. selektiver Extraktion und Ultrafiltration war hoher im Vergleich zur konventionellen Fe2(SO4)3-Ausfallung. Weitere Untersuchungen sind notwendig, um die Langzeitstabilitat der Mineralphasen in Sb-haltigen Feststoffruckstanden zu bewerten und die Auswahl der Sb-Ruckgewinnungsmethoden sowie die Verwendungs- bzw. Entsorgungsmoglichkeiten der Reststoffe zu bestimmen. ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la viabilidad de procesos modulares combinados para eliminar selectivamente Sb de las aguas impactadas por la actividad minera en un entorno artico con el fin de cumplir con los criterios ambientales locales para las aguas vertidas. Se investigaron nuevas tecnologias como las de intercambio ionico, extraccion selectiva y ultrafiltracion, electrocoagulacion y flotacion por aire disuelto, utilizadas en forma individual o en combinacion, desde la escala de laboratorio hasta la de piloto. Las pruebas a escala de laboratorio que utilizan: precipitacion con Fe2(SO4)3, intercambio ionico, extraccion selectiva de iones y ultrafiltracion y electrocoagulacion con o sin subsiguiente flotacion con aire disuelto indicaron que cualquiera de los metodos es potencialmente aplicable a la remocion de Sb del agua de la mina. Las diferencias observadas entre la eficacia de eliminacion de Sb y As por intercambio ionico demostraron la necesidad de tecnologias de eliminacion y recuperacion especificas de Sb. Los analisis tecnico-economicos mostraron que el tratamiento del agua de la mina usando flotacion por aire disuelto por electrocoagulacion tiene el menor costo entre las tecnologias examinadas. Los resultados demostraron una mayor eficiencia de atenuacion de Sb mediante la flotacion con aire disuelto por electrocoagulacion o la extraccion selectiva y la ultrafiltracion, incluso cuando se trata solo el 50% del agua impactada, en comparacion con la precipitacion convencional con Fe2(SO4)3. Es necesario realizar investigaciones adicionales para caracterizar la estabilidad a largo plazo de las fases minerales en los residuos solidos que contienen Sb y para informar la seleccion de los metodos de recuperacion de Sb y las opciones de utilizacion o disposicion final para los materiales residuales.
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收藏
页码:431 / 446
页数:16
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