The manifold functions of a supervisor in following the course of complex processes together with the trainee, are: • to keep the goals of the supervision in view, • to establish a teaching alliance and to support the wish and ambitions of the candidate to learn, • to build a platform for the complex interactions with the trainee with regard to the dynamics of the training situation and keeping in mind the institutional influences, • to lay down the setting for the work, • to explore and to reflect how transference and counter-transference influence the interaction between patient and analyst as well as between trainee and supervisor, • to examine these interactions together focussing continuously on the interaction between candidate and patient, and to encourage the candidate to do the same on his own, • to continuously formulate hypotheses about the core conflict, the transference phenomena and resistance of the patient, • to explore and reflect on the cooperative work. © 2007 Springer Medizin Verlag.