Differential gene expression in a paclitaxel-resistant clone of a head and neck cancer cell line

The anti-neoplastic drug paclitaxel (taxol), which is known to block cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle through stabilization of microtubules, is meanwhile commonly used for chemotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer. Chemotherapy is primarily used in order to preserve laryngeal and/or pharyngeal structures. Although paclitaxel generally seems to be a powerful agent, it failed to reach a loco-regional tumor control in a sufficient percentage of patients. In order to investigate molecular resistance mechanisms, we have established a paclitaxel-resistant subline originating from the larynx carcinoma cell line HLaC79, which seemed to be partially dependent on taxol. The original and the descendant cell line were characterized by growth inhibition assays. We used western blotting and the cDNA subtraction (SSH) technique to identify genes differentially expressed in the taxol-resistant cell clone. cDNA subtraction revealed increased expression of six genes, including clathrin heavy chain, α3-tubulin, a neuroblastoma-specific Thymosin β, the ribosomal protein L7a, HLA-B associated transcript 3 and collagen IIIα1 in the taxol-resistant cell line. Furthermore, western blots showed an overexpression of MDR-1 in the taxol-resistant clone, while α- and β-tubulins and p48/IRF9 were expressed in equal amounts in both cell lines.