Dietary Determinants of and Possible Solutions to Iron Deficiency for Young Women Living in Industrialized Countries: A Review

被引:83
作者
Beck, Kathryn L. [1 ]
Conlon, Cathryn A. [1 ]
Kruger, Rozanne [1 ]
Coad, Jane [1 ]
机构
[1] Massey Univ, Coll Hlth, Inst Food Nutr & Human Hlth, North Shore City 0745, New Zealand
关键词
iron deficiency; anemia; diet and iron status; heme and non-heme iron; dietary patterns; inhibitors and enhancers of iron absorption; treatment of iron deficiency; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; ASCORBIC-ACID; NONHEME-IRON; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; MEXICAN-AMERICAN; GENETIC-FACTORS; SOY PROTEIN;
D O I
10.3390/nu6093747
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Iron deficiency is a concern in both developing and developed (industrialized) countries; and young women are particularly vulnerable. This review investigates dietary determinants of and possible solutions to iron deficiency in young women living in industrialized countries. Dietary factors including ascorbic acid and an elusive factor in animal protein foods (meat; fish and poultry) enhance iron absorption; while phytic acid; soy protein; calcium and polyphenols inhibit iron absorption. However; the effects of these dietary factors on iron absorption do not necessarily translate into an association with iron status and iron stores (serum ferritin concentration). In cross-sectional studies; only meat intake has consistently (positively) been associated with higher serum ferritin concentrations. The enhancing effects of ascorbic acid and meat on iron absorption may be negated by the simultaneous consumption of foods and nutrients which are inhibitory. Recent cross-sectional studies have considered the combination and timing of foods consumed; with mixed results. Dietary interventions using a range of focused dietary measures to improve iron status appear to be more effective than dietary approaches that focus on single nutrients or foods. Further research is needed to determine optimal dietary recommendations for both the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency.
引用
收藏
页码:3747 / 3776
页数:30
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