Ridge preservation using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate (β-TCP/HA) bone graft substitute-a clinical, radiological, and histological study

Background: Post-Extraction ridge preservation using bone graft substitutes is a conservative technique to maintain the width of the alveolar ridge. The objective of the present study was to evaluate an in situ hardening biphasic (HA/beta-TCP) bone graft substitutes for ridge preservation without primary wound closure or a dental membrane. Methods: A total of 15 patients reported for tooth extraction were enrolled in this study. Implants were placed in average 5.2 +/- 2 months after socket grafting. At this visit, Cone Beam CT (CBCT) images and core biopsies were taken. Implant stability (ISQ) was assessed at the insertion as well as at the day of final restoration. Results: CBCT data revealed 0.79 +/- 0.73 mm ridge width reduction from grafting to implant placement. Histomorphometric analysis of core biopsy samples revealed in average 21.34 +/- 9.14% of new bone in the grafted sites. Primary implant stability was high (ISQ levels 70.3 +/- 9.6) and further increased until final restoration. Conclusions: The results of this study show that grafting of intact post-extraction sockets using a biphasic in situ hardening bone graft substitute results in an effective preservation of the ridge contour and sufficient new bone formation in the grafted sites, which is imperative for successful implant placement.