Influence of different personal protective equipment on children's anxiety in dental office: a randomized controlled trial

Background: A change in how a dentist looks may affect the child's anxiety in the dental office. This study compared the effect of conventional facial PPE versus extra PPE as reusable respirators; on the preoperative child's anxiety in the dental office. Methods: Fifty two children were randomly allocated into 4 groups, (1) goggles+ surgical mask, and (2) face shield +surgical mask versus (3) half-face respirator and (4) full-face respirator. Each child was communicated with and clinically examined by a dentist wearing the assigned PPE, and then his anxiety was assessed using CFSS-DS. Shapiro-Wilk's test was used to analyse normality. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test with Bonferroni correction test, were used to analyse non-parametric anxiety score data. Correlations between different factors and anxiety scores were analysed using Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the number of anxious children in each group, boys had significantly higher scores than girls (p< 0.001) For the "Goggles and surgical mask"group and "overall". There was no significant correlation between age and anxiety scores. Children who didn't have a previous dental visit had statistically significant higher scores than children with previous experience for"Goggles and surgical mask","Face shield and surgical mask"groups and "overall". Conclusions: Half-face and full-face respirators have not affected the child's preoperative anxiety in the dental office when compared to the conventionally used PPE. Overall, there is an association between gender and previous dental visits, and dental anxiety, however; there is no correlation between child's age and dental anxiety. Dentists dealing with children should feel free to use reusable respirators, without the risk of affecting children's anxiety in the dental office.