Measurement of finger pad forces and friction using finger nail mounted strain gauges

There are currently few techniques for measuring in-vivo the forces exerted by the finger pads when handling objects and friction levels in the interface. Those that exist are intrusive and affect the manner in which an object is gripped or the interface between finger and object. A non-intrusive method would enable data to be gathered on object grip and manipulation that could improve designs to aid usability and inclusivity. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of determining finger pad forces and friction between a finger pad and a surface using strain gauges mounted to finger nails. The index finger and thumb were assessed as these have been shown to be used most for gripping in everyday tasks. Initially Digital Image Correlation was used to study strain across whole finger nails during a loading event to establish where it would be best to mount the strain gauges. After attachment of the strain gauges, tests were carried out normally loading finger pads against a force plate to determine strain/force relationships and the effects of slight finger side roll. Sliding tests were then also carried out in dry and lubricated conditions to see how strain varied when normal force was kept constant. Clear relationships have been established between strain and force that could be used to calibrate from measurements taken during actual object manipulation. Changing friction has also been shown to affect strain. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.