Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common reasons for antibiotic treatment. Nevertheless, uropathogens are steadily becoming resistant to currently available therapies. In this context, nanotechnology emerges as an innovative and promising approach among diverse strategies currently under development. In this review we deeply discuss different nanoparticles (NPs) used in UTI treatment, including organic NPs, nanodiamonds, chemical and green synthesized inorganic NPs, and NPs made of composite materials. In addition, we compare the effects of different NPs against uropathogens in vivo and in vitro and discuss their potential impact the in the near future.
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Univ Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, ItalyUniv Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, Italy
Gori, Eleonora
Ebani, Valentina Virginia
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Univ Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, ItalyUniv Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, Italy
Ebani, Valentina Virginia
Pierini, Alessio
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Univ Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, ItalyUniv Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, Italy
Pierini, Alessio
Marchetti, Veronica
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Univ Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, ItalyUniv Pisa, Vet Teaching Hosp Mario Modenato, Dept Vet Sci, I-56122 Pisa, Italy