Stability of embankments founded on deep-mixing-method columns: Three-dimensional considerations

Two-dimensional analyses cannot capture all aspects of column behavior for deep mixing method (DMM) columns used to support embankments founded on soft soils. One difficulty is that a two-dimensional analysis cannot simultaneously provide accurate representations of both the axial stiffness and the bending stiffness of the columns. This paper compares the results of two- and three-dimensional finite difference analyses of column-supported embankments using the computer program FLAC.