Formalization as confinement in colonial Hong Kong

被引:8
|
作者
Smart, Alan [1 ]
Smart, Josephine [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calgary, Dept Anthropol, Calgary, AB, Canada
[2] Univ Calgary, Anthropol, Calgary, AB, Canada
关键词
Confinement; formalization; informality; squatters; street vendors; Economie informelle; Hong Kong; occupation de l'espace public; regularisation; Formalizacion; informalidad; ocupacion del espacio publico; CITIES; RETHINKING; MYSTERY;
D O I
10.1177/0268580917701603
中图分类号
C91 [社会学];
学科分类号
030301 ; 1204 ;
摘要
The nature of informal economies is structured by conflict between governmental strategies of confinement, to places, times and how things are done, and the transgression of these confines by informal actors in pursuit of survival or advantage. This article examines the influential development program of formalization in the context of these conflicts. Informality can be formalized in two ways, by eradication and by regularization. Building on their past ethnographic research on informality, the authors use released confidential Hong Kong colonial government documents to explore the informal discussions among policy makers about how to respond to informal practices, and how their understanding of street vendors influences their chose of confinement strategies. While insisting on eradication for squatters, various forms of regularization were attempted for street vendors. Resume La nature des economies informelles est structuree par un conflit entre des strategies gouvernementales destinees a confiner ces activites a des lieux, des horaires et des manieres de faire, et la transgression de ces restrictions par des acteurs de l'economie informelle qui luttent pour survivre et obtenir des avantages. Dans cet article, nous nous interessons aux repercussions des programmes visant a developper le secteur formel dans le cadre de ces conflits. Les activites informelles peuvent etre regulees de deux facons : par l'eradication ou la regularisation. Outre nos precedentes recherches ethnographiques sur l'economie informelle, nous avons utilise des documents confidentiels du gouvernement colonial de Hong Kong, qui ont ete rendus publics, pour analyser les debats internes des responsables politiques sur les mesures a prendre pour lutter contre ces pratiques informelles et comment le regard qu'ils portent sur les vendeurs de rue influence leur choix de strategies de confinement. Tout en insistant sur la necessite de mettre fin a l'occupation illegale de l'espace public, differentes formes de regularisation des vendeurs de rue ont ete entreprises. Resumen La naturaleza de las economias informales esta estructurada por el conflicto entre las estrategias gubernamentales de confinamiento de los lugares, tiempos y formas de hacer las cosas, y la transgresion de estos confines por parte de actores informales en pos de la supervivencia o de conseguir ventajas. En este articulo examinamos el importante programa de desarrollo de la formalizacion en el contexto de estos conflictos. La informalidad puede formalizarse de dos maneras, mediante la erradicacion o la regularizacion. Basandonos en nuestra investigacion etnografica sobre la informalidad, utilizamos documentos confidenciales del gobierno colonial de Hong Kong, que se han hecho publicos, para analizar las discusiones informales entre los responsables de las politicas para responder a las practicas informales y como su comprension de los vendedores callejeros influye en su eleccion de estrategias de confinamiento. A pesar de insistir en la erradicacion de los ocupantes ilegales del espacio publico, diversas formas de regularizacion de los vendedores callejeros fueron puestas en practica.
引用
收藏
页码:437 / 453
页数:17
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