Primary care provider adherence to reproductive healthcare guidelines in adolescents and young adults with disabilities: A retrospective matched cohort study

PURPOSE: Assessing provider adherence to preventative sexual and reproductive healthcare guidelines in adolescents and young adults (AYA) patients with physical and intellectual disabilities (PWD). METHODS: Records of PWD (N = 42) age 12-26 receiving health maintenance between 01/01/11-12/31/16 were reviewed for: (1) initiation and completion of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination series, (2) initiation and completion of meningococcal vaccination, (3) screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and documentation of (4) sexual, (5) menstrual, and (6) pregnancy histories. Unaffected age and gender-matched patients provided comparison data (Comparison Cohort, CC). RESULTS: The mean age of both groups was 17.3 years +/- 3.8 and 40.5% were female. There was no significant difference between groups regarding the completion of HPV or meningococcal vaccine series. Among those 15+ years of age, 7.1% of PWD and 28.6% of CC were screened for HIV (p = 0.04). Sexual history was documented in 19.0% of PWD versus 73.8% of CC (p < 0.001). Among females, menstrual regularity was recorded in 11.8% of PWD versus 47.1% of CC (p = 0.02) and pregnancy history in 0.0% of PWD versus 29.4% of CC (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to sexual health guidelines was suboptimal, and lower among PWD. Vaccination rates did not differ between the two groups.