Steps towards highly-efficient water splitting and oxygen reduction using nanostructured β-Ni(OH)2

beta-Ni(OH)(2) nanoplatelets are prepared by a hydrothermal procedure and characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The material is demonstrated to be an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline media. beta-Ni(OH)(2) shows an overpotential of 498 mV to reach 10 mA cm(-2) towards oxygen evolution, with a Tafel slope of 149 mV dec(-1) (decreasing to 99 mV dec(-1) at 75 degrees C), along with superior stability as evidenced by chronoamperometric measurements. Similarly, a low overpotential of -333 mV to reach 10 mA cm(-2) (decreasing to only -65 mV at 75 degrees C) toward hydrogen evolution with a Tafel slope of -230 mV dec(-1) is observed. Finally, beta-Ni(OH)(2) exhibits a noteworthy performance for the ORR, as evidenced by a low Tafel slope of -78 mV dec(-1) and a number of exchanged electrons of 4.01 (indicating direct 4e(-)-oxygen reduction), whereas there are only a few previous reports on modest ORR activity of pure Ni(OH)(2).