Social Force as a Microscopic Simulation Model for Pedestrian Behavior in Crowd Evacuation

Understanding the evacuation mechanism has been an important subject nowadays in order to model and simulate pedestrian behavior in crowd evacuation for the case study of the emergency scenario such as building on fire. Almost two decades, the interest of Social Force Model (SFM) in pedestrian traffic increased significantly. SFM is a microscopic model and has been proposed as a realistic simulation model and preferred choice which imitate the pedestrian movement. The social interactions among the pedestrians, environment, and collision are emergent phenomena and very hard to capture, rare and like the evasive maneuvers in order to avoid dangers in crowd evacuation. This research focused on SFM simulation model for a case study in terms of crowd dynamic, pedestrian dynamic and evacuation dynamic. This shows that SFM is one of the accurate and realistic model to simulate the pedestrian behavior in crowd evacuation.