Electroluminescence from barrier-type anodic oxide alumina films doped with rare-earth and transition metals by ion-implantation

Electroluminescence (EL) during reanodization of a barrier-type anodic oxide alumina film (barrier alumina film) doped with: rare-earth and transition metals was observed. To dope the rare-earth and transition metals into the barrier alumina films, an ion-implantation technique was employed. The sharp emissions from the barrier alumina films doped with rare-earth metals were:assigned to the 4f-4f transitions of the trivalent elements, with the exception of Cc which was assigned to the 5d-4f transitions. With the doping of multiple elements, the emission spectrum was a mixture of the spectra of all elements, that is, the emission color of each element was mixed to exhibit a certain color.