Outcome of Allogeneic and Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for High-Risk Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas: A Retrospective Analysis From a Chinese Center

Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) often carry poor outcomes with conventional chemotherapy, and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HO') can benefit patients with PTCL. We conducted a retrospective review of 67 patients with PTCL who underwent autologous HO' (autoHCT, n = 43; median age, 40 years) or allogeneic HCT (alloHCT, n = 24; median age, 36.5 years) from 2004 to 2016. With a median follow-up of 27 months, 5 -year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of autoHCT patients were 49% and 57%, respectively. Among alloHCT recipients, the 5-year PFS and OS were 54% and 55%, respectively. When considering incidence of disease relapse or progression (CIR) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM), the 5 -year CIR and 1 -year NRM of alloHCT recipients were 38% and 18%, respectively, and 58% and 7% for autoHCT patients, respectively. There were no differences between autoHCT and alloHCT in 5-year PFS (P = .499), OS (P = .566), CIR (P = .555), and NRM (P = .202). When specifically examining recipients in primary refractory disease, 3-year PFS rates of autoHCT and alloHCT were 20% and 49% (P = .054); 3-year OS rates were 20% and 53% (P = .042), respectively. Based on these results, we favor proceeding to alloHCT in patients with PTCL in primary refractory disease. (C) 2017 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.