High-performance large-scale simulation of multi-stable metastructures

In this paper, we have developed a solver based on the message-passing interface (MPI) to enable rapid large-scale simulation of generic metastructures composed of bior multi-stable elements. The in-house solver has been thoroughly validated against a commercial numerical solver (Abaqus) and the well-established serial codes from the previous studies. We can achieve up to 4th-order solution accuracy with fully explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) methods, exceeding what many commercial structural analysis tools provide. With our parallel code dedicated to solving specific problem types, the absolute computational speed can be improved by three orders of magnitude, enabling the investigation of a large parameter space. More importantly, the in-house implementation enables an effective distribution of the computational load following the intrinsic structural periodicity, thus achieving efficient parallel scalability. To demonstrate our code's capability to handle massively large problems previously unattainable with existing solvers, we investigate the amplitude-dependent energy transmissibility of bi-stable metabeams and the stability of the transition wave's propagation speed. The achieved numerical and computational performance gains drastically expand the accessible analysis domains of general nonlinear metamaterial and metastructure architectures, thus opening up the potential to uncover new dynamics and enable practical implementations. Program summary Program Title: NM(boolean AND)3(Nonlinear MetaMaterialsMPI) solver CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/8f4n99jccf.1 Developer's repository link: https://github.com/wonnie87/NMCube Licensing provisions: MIT Programming language: Fortran Nature of problem: NM(boolean AND)3enables massively parallel simulations of strongly nonlinear metamaterials and metastructures, including 1D multi-stable lattice with coupled pendula (discrete sine-Gordon model), 1D lattice with quartic on-site potentials (discrete f-4 model), and metabeam with a bi-stable microstructure. Solution method: Up to the 4th-order explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) methods are implemented inNM<^>3. The Newmark-ss(implicit) method with constant average acceleration is also available if unconditional numerical stability is desired. Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: RunningNM(boolean AND)3requires installation ofPython( withNumPylibrary), MPI, andHDF5. APythonscript is used to generate input files. The code useMPIsystem calls to allow a massive parallelization among the compute processes. The code usesHDF5file format for data storage. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.