Are people with an orofacial cleft at a higher risk of dental caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective To establish whether children born with an orofacial cleft have a higher risk of dental caries than individuals without cleft. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis Methods The search strategy was based on the key words 'cleft lip palate' and 'oral hygiene caries decay'. Ten databases were searched from their inception to April 2016 to identify all relevant studies. All data were extracted by two independent reviewers. The primary outcome measure was caries measured by the decayed, missing, filled surfaces/teeth index (dmfs/dmft or DMFS/DMFT). Results Twenty-four studies met the selection criteria. All of the studies were observational. Twenty-two studies were suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled mean difference in dmft was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.79) and in DMFT was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.34). Conclusion Individuals with cleft lip and/or palate have higher caries prevalence, both in the deciduous and the permanent dentitions.