Macroeconomic Effects of Entrepreneurship from an International Perspective

At the panel level, formed of 33 European economies based on resource efficiency enhancers or innovation-driven factors, the present study followed causal relationships between the conditions of economic efficiency ensuring framework and different macroeconomic effects of entrepreneurship, mediated by the entrepreneurial behavior, with delays up to five years. Research findings highlighted that a national efficiency enhancing framework acts as stimulant for the entrepreneurial behavior of nascent entrepreneurs and new small and medium-sized business owners, while a superior level of entrepreneurial behavior generates simultaneous and/or medium-term favorable effects on the growth of gross domestic product, exports, imports and employment, therefore assuring, besides immediate growth, sustainable economic and social progress in the analyzed countries. The causal relationships identified are consistent with the results of other empirical studies in the field.