Associations of sleep duration with cardiometabolic outcomes in American Indians and Alaska Natives and other race/ethnicities: results from the BRFSS

Objectives: This study assessed the associations between short and long sleep duration and prevalence of cardiometabolic outcomes in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and compared these associations to those evident among other race/ethnicities. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2013-2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. In total, 14,536 AI/ANs, 729,962 non-Hispanic whites, 71,765 blacks, and 59,472 Hispanics were included. Logistic regressions were conducted to compute unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the associations of interest. Results: Among AI/ANs, 38.6% reported sleeping <7 hours per night (short sleepers) while 39.3% reported 8+ hours of sleep (long sleepers). After adjusting for age and gender, both short and long sleep durations were associated with higher odds of reporting diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease and heart attack in almost all race/ethnic groups. After multiple adjustments, the sleep-diabetes association was more pronounced (OR = 1.71 and OR = 1.56 for short and long sleepers, respectively) among AI/ANs than other race/ethnicities. Conclusions: Future studies are warranted to examine race/ethnic variability in the association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic outcomes. (C) 2019 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.