Background. - Dermatomyositis associated with anti-MDA-5 autoantibodies is a recently described clinical entity. Herein we report two lethal cases involving pneumocystis pneumonia. Patients and methods. - Case n degrees 1. A 56-year-old male patient developed cutaneous symptoms consistent with dermatomyositis without muscular involvement. Antinuclear antibodies were present and anti-MDA5 auto-antibodies were identified. The scan showed interstitial lung disease without infection. Significant improvement was obtained with corticosteroids. One month later, the patient presented acute respiratory illness (hypoxemia: PaO2 60 mmHg, exacerbation of lung disease evidenced by a scan, and diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia on bronchoalveolar lavage). He died despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and immunosuppressant therapy. Case n degrees 2. The second case concerned a 52-year-old Vietnamese man who developed more atypical cutaneous symptoms of dermatomyositis without muscular involvement. ANAb responses were positive (1/400) and MDA5 was present. The patient was treated with corticosteroids (40 mg/d), hydroxychloroquine, and intravenous immunoglobulin. After significant improvement, the patient developed an acute respiratory illness due to superinfection with pneumocystis and he died despite specific treatment and cyclophosphamide bolus. Conclusion. - In dermatomyositis, anti-MDA5 antibody screening is essential for the prognosis since the disease carries a risk of complication with severe lung disease. Bronchial fibroscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage should be considered at the time of diagnosis. Our two cases suggest the need for early screening for pneumocystis pneumonia in the event of respiratory distress and possibly for prophylactic treatment at the start of immunosuppressant therapy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
机构:
Chongqing Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Rheumatol, Chongqing, Peoples R ChinaChongqing Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Rheumatol, Chongqing, Peoples R China
Zhu, Fenglin
Li, Chengyin
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Chongqing Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Rheumatol, Chongqing, Peoples R China
Chongqing Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Rheumatol, Chongqing 400021, Peoples R ChinaChongqing Hosp Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Rheumatol, Chongqing, Peoples R China
机构:
NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
Richardson, William Mark
Shah, Jill T.
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NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
Shah, Jill T.
Mazori, Daniel R.
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NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
Mazori, Daniel R.
Caplan, Avrom S.
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NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
Caplan, Avrom S.
Lo Sicco, Kristen I.
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NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
Lo Sicco, Kristen I.
Femia, Alisa N.
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NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA
NYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, NYU Langone Hlth, Grossman Sch Med, 222 E 41st St,16th Floor, New York, NY 10017 USANYU, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA