Thrombin-induced inhibition of myoblast differentiation is mediated by Gβγ

Thrombin has been shown to inhibit skeletal muscle differentiation, However, the mechanisms by which thrombin represses myogenesis remain unknown. Since the thrombin receptor couples to G(i), G(q/11) and G(12), we examined which subunits of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G alpha(i), G alpha(q/11), G alpha(12) or G beta gamma) participate in the thrombin-induced inhibition of C2C12 myoblast differentiation. G alpha(i2) and G alpha(11) had no inhibitory effect on the myogenic differentiation, G alpha(12) prevented only myoblast fusion, whereas G beta gamma inhibit ed both the induction of skeletal muscle-specific markers and the myotube formation. In addition, the thrombin-induced reduction of creatine kinase activity was blocked by the C-terminal peptide of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase, which is known to sequester free G beta gamma, These results suggest that the thrombin-induced inhibition of muscle differentiation is mainly mediated by G beta gamma. (C) 2000 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.