Classification and identification of gas-liquid dispersion states in a jet bubbling reactor

Three gas-liquid dispersion states including flooding, loading, and complete dispersion are observed sequentially in a jet bubbling reactor with an increase of the liquid jet velocity at the nozzle outlet (u(j)). The gas-liquid dispersion states are identified through the slope (k) of the curve of fluctuation distribution index (FI) versus u(j) as follows: (a) under the flooding, k = 0; (b) under the loading, k > 0; (c) under the complete dispersion, k < 0. In particular, the u(j) at the transition points from flooding to loading and from loading to complete dispersion are referred to flooding jet velocity (u(jf), the transition point between k = 0 and k > 0) and complete dispersion jet velocity (u(jcd), the transition point from k > 0 to k < 0), respectively. The average relative deviations of the u(j) at the transition points obtained through the acoustic emission measurement and visual observation are less than 5%.