EMS-based environmental regimes as club goods: Examining variations in firm-level adoption of ISO 14001 and EMAS in UK, US and Germany

被引:88
作者
Kolln, K [1 ]
Prakash, A
机构
[1] George Washington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
[2] George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA
[3] George Washington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
[4] George Washington Univ, Sch Business & Publ Management, Dept Strateg Management & Publ Policy, Washington, DC 20052 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1023/A:1016071810725
中图分类号
C93 [管理学]; D035 [国家行政管理]; D523 [行政管理]; D63 [国家行政管理];
学科分类号
12 ; 1201 ; 1202 ; 120202 ; 1204 ; 120401 ;
摘要
This paper examines variations in firm-level adoption of environmental management systems (EMS) - ISO 14001 and the European Union's Eco-Audit and Management Scheme (EMAS) - in the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States. Drawing on insights from club theory, institutional theory, and stakeholder theory, it argues that despite the fact that these EMS are created by supranational organizations (one regional and one international), firms' perceptions of their costs and benefits are largely determined by domestic factors. In particular, these perceptions are shaped by how EMS are promoted and information about them is disseminated in each country (supply aspects) and how the constellation of stakeholders (suppliers, environmental groups, regulators, general public) support their introduction (demand aspects). The paper concludes that there are numerous ways governments and interested stakeholders can encourage companies to adopt voluntary environmental codes. The key is to find the right mix of incentives for specific national contexts.
引用
收藏
页码:43 / 67
页数:25
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