The Distorted Mirror of Folklore (on an Example of Estonian National Traditions)

The article focuses on the attitude of Estonians to the folk dance and their alternating preference of authentic dance, its arrangement and new choreographies in different periods of history. Estonian language and folklore is at the heart of Estonian culture. The nature of Estonian folk dance is considered collectivist, calm and dignified. It is also stated on the home page of the Estonian Folk Dance that folk dancing as a leisure activity has a vital role in keeping a group together. Folk costumes, songs and festivals grew in significance and political importance during the national awakening movement (1850-1918). Phenomena associated with folklore could be observed in Estonia and were used also during the Soviet occupation (1945-1991) in the homeland and by compatriots abroad in identity building and as a phenomenal weapon: besides singing the folk dance was also used to introduce Estonia to local people. For Estonians, their national format (which Estonians were always able to offer) became the politically correct form of self-expression. For long decades this form, comprising folk costumes, folk songs, folk dances and festivals in a national romantic spirit, and originating from the period of national awakening, has suited Estonians, to maintain a sense of identity. Such self-expression took over the role of specific self-definition and self-empowerment during several politically critical periods. Today, both stage dance features and the authentic folklore type non-stylized folk dance function side by side.