Optimization of Antioxidant Capacity and Tensile Strength of Gelatin-Carboxymethylcellulose Film Incorporated with Bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.) Crude Phenolic Extract

The increasing awareness on the environmental problems arising from synthetic packaging materials and consumer demand for healthier products has led to the development of food packaging materials from naturally renewable resources incorporated with active compounds from plant materials. This study was conducted to develop edible films from gelatin and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) incorporated with Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. (bignay) phenolic extract. Optimization of the antioxidant activity and tensile strength of the films was done using mixture design of experiments using Design Expert (version 10.0.3.1). Results showed that the amount of bignay extract was the most significant factor that contributes to the antioxidant capacity and tensile strength of the films. Characterization of the extract revealed a total phenolic content of 444.36 +/- 25.78 mg gallic acid equivalents/100g puree and 65.25 +/- 0.71% DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Based on the results, the bignay extract provided 25.89 +/- 1.26% DPPH radical scavenging capacity to the films with a tensile strength of 7.45 +/- 1.00 MPa after optimization.